OBD-II reference

All 9.533 generic OBD-II codes, explained in detail.

Causes, inspection steps and sources — a comprehensive DIY archive. Created and maintained with love for the detail. Good luck and have fun!

Powertrain generic / SAE

P2AC1

Intake Air O2 Sensor Reference Voltage Circuit Low Bank 1

The reference voltage supplied to the intake air oxygen sensor on bank 1 reports a low condition. Lambda measurement on the intake side is unreliable.

SystemPowertrain
Typegeneric / SAE
GroupP2
Range / numberA / C1

Possible causes

  • Reference wire shorted to ground high
  • Internal short in sensor reference medium
  • Connector pins corroded - high contact resistance low

Symptoms

  • Check engine light on
  • Increased fuel consumption
  • Possible rough idle or hesitation
  • Failed emissions test

Inspection / repair

  • Difficulty: medium
  • DIY: shop recommended
  • Estimated cost: 200–900 €
  • Estimated time: 1–4 h
  • Component: intake air o2 sensor b1
  • Component: wiring harness
  • Component: ecm
  • MIL / check engine light
  • emissions-relevant
  • drive cycle required

Sources

References

How to read OBD-II codes

The first letter names the vehicle system, the second digit distinguishes generic from manufacturer-specific, the remaining digits group fault area and number.

PPowertrain: engine, transmission, emissions
BBody: chassis trim, comfort, interior
CChassis: suspension, brakes, steering
UNetwork: CAN, control modules, communication