OBD-II reference

All 9.533 generic OBD-II codes, explained in detail.

Causes, inspection steps and sources — a comprehensive DIY archive. Created and maintained with love for the detail. Good luck and have fun!

Powertrain generic / SAE

P28AD

Cylinder 8 Ion Current Sense Circuit Range/Performance

The ion current signal from cylinder 8 is outside the expected range for combustion conditions. Combustion quality cannot be assessed reliably.

SystemPowertrain
Typegeneric / SAE
GroupP2
Range / number8 / AD

Possible causes

  • Spark plug aged - electrode shape changed high
  • Ion sense circuit gain drift medium
  • Sensor element aged beyond calibration window low

Inspection / repair

  • Difficulty: medium
  • DIY: shop recommended
  • Estimated cost: 100–700 €
  • Estimated time: 0.5–3 h
  • Component: spark plug cyl 8
  • Component: ignition coil cyl 8
  • Component: ion sense module
  • MIL / check engine light
  • emissions-relevant

Sources

References

How to read OBD-II codes

The first letter names the vehicle system, the second digit distinguishes generic from manufacturer-specific, the remaining digits group fault area and number.

PPowertrain: engine, transmission, emissions
BBody: chassis trim, comfort, interior
CChassis: suspension, brakes, steering
UNetwork: CAN, control modules, communication