OBD-II reference

All 9.533 generic OBD-II codes, explained in detail.

Causes, inspection steps and sources — a comprehensive DIY archive. Created and maintained with love for the detail. Good luck and have fun!

Powertrain generic / SAE

P0170

Fuel Trim Malfunction (Bank 1)

The ECU detects that short-term and long-term fuel trim values on bank 1 are outside acceptable limits. Engine cannot maintain stoichiometric mixture — typically a vacuum leak, fuel pressure issue, or failing MAF/O2 sensor.

SystemPowertrain
Typegeneric / SAE
GroupP0
Range / number1 / 70

Possible causes

  • Vacuum leak (intake gasket, hose, PCV) high
  • Fuel pressure too low or too high medium
  • MAF sensor reading drifted medium

Inspection / repair

  • Difficulty: medium
  • DIY: possible
  • Estimated cost: 50–500 €
  • Estimated time: 0.5–3 h
  • Component: intake system
  • Component: fuel pressure regulator
  • Component: mass air flow sensor
  • Component: oxygen sensor b1s1
  • MIL / check engine light
  • emissions-relevant
  • drive cycle required

Sources

References

How to read OBD-II codes

The first letter names the vehicle system, the second digit distinguishes generic from manufacturer-specific, the remaining digits group fault area and number.

PPowertrain: engine, transmission, emissions
BBody: chassis trim, comfort, interior
CChassis: suspension, brakes, steering
UNetwork: CAN, control modules, communication